Brass and Bell Metal craft
Brass Metal
History
Brass and bell metal craft dates back to ancient India, used for temple bells, idols, and decorative pieces. The Mughal era popularized intricate designs and advanced techniques. In Nachiarcoil, Tamil Nadu, metalworking is practiced by the Pathar community, originally gold and silversmiths from Nagercoil. They migrated in the 19th century, settling by the Kaveri River, where vandal sand proved ideal for box mold casting, enhancing the region’s craftsmanship.
Raw Materials and Tools
The primary raw materials are copper, zinc, and tin, used to create brass or bell metal. Wax is needed for molding, and clay for casting. Tools include carving knives for wax modeling, ladles for pouring molten metal, hammers for shaping, chisels for engraving, and polishing tools for finishing.
Process
Crafting begins with selecting the right mix of copper, zinc, and tin for durability and aesthetic appeal. A wax model is created and coated with multiple clay layers to form a mold. Molten metal is poured into the mold, replacing the wax. After cooling, the clay is broken away to reveal the metal form. The piece is then polished, engraved, and detailed with intricate floral, geometric, or animal motifs.
Design and Color
Brass and bell metal crafts carry rich cultural and artistic value in India. Brass offers a golden shine, while bell metal has a warm, reddish-brown tone. Commonly used for idols, lamps, and ritual objects, they reflect devotion and craftsmanship. Regional styles like Kamrupi, Pembarthi, and Dhokra are especially notable. Wax molding allows for intricate detailing, preserving age-old techniques. These durable, handcrafted pieces blend beauty, tradition, and function, often becoming cherished heirlooms.
Product Range
Sarai (ceremonial vessel), water pots, bowls, dish with stand, utensils, Chaisel (bowl), Ayiesel (embossed bowl), Tengot, Shentak-Shenga (ceremonial dish with lid), Mandila (cymbals), Luknem Shel (rice measure), Korphu (cooking pot), Khujai (water pot plate), Shapa (stamp), Ghagra (water pots); large temple bells, Mani (hand-held bells for pooja), temple and church bells, Koojas (used for drinking coffee).