Sarthebari Bell Metal Craft
Brass Metal
History
The bell metal craft of Sarthebari, Assam, dates back to ancient times, with roots in Mohenjodaro and Harappan metal casting traditions. It flourished under King Kumarbhaskarvarman in the 7th century AD, who gifted bell metal vessels to Harshavardhana. Notably, Bhortal cymbals were presented to Chinese scholar Hieuen Tsang, underscoring the craft’s cultural importance. Practiced by the Kahar or Orja community, the craft continues with traditional techniques, producing ceremonial items and utensils.
Raw Materials and Tools
Bell metal craft uses a copper-tin alloy, typically in a 78:22 ratio, sometimes including recycled utensils. Polishing agents like charcoal, clay, and jute fiber give the products their shine. Tools include hammers, chisels, and anvils (balmuri, chatuli, akue) for shaping, and the khanta, an iron tool, for polishing. Clay molds define shapes, while charcoal fuels the furnace. These age-old materials and tools ensure the craft’s lasting quality and rich cultural value.
Process
The making of bell metal ware involves melting copper and tin (78:22 ratio) in a charcoal-fueled furnace. Sometimes, scrap utensils are reused. The molten metal is poured into hand-shaped clay molds. After cooling, the pieces are refined using tools like hammers, chisels, and anvils (balmuri, chatuli, akue). Polishing with charcoal, clay, jute fiber, and the khanta tool gives a smooth finish. Decorative engravings are then added, reflecting Assam’s rich cultural heritage.
Design and Color
In Sarthebari's traditional bell metal craft, products feature a rich golden-brown hue, derived from the copper-tin alloy, symbolizing luxury and durability. This distinctive color enhances their appeal for both daily and ceremonial use. The designs are intricate, showcasing Assamese cultural heritage through floral motifs, geometric patterns, and depictions of local flora and fauna. These ornamental details are more than decoration— they reflect traditional beliefs and stories, adding depth and meaning to each handcrafted piece.
Product Range
The principal items of brass are the Kalah (water pot), Sarai (a platter or tray mounted on a base), Kahi (dish), Bati (bowl), Lota (water pot with a long neck) and Tal (cymbals).
Additional Information
