Sarkanda Craft of Haryana
Leaf, Reed & Rattan
History
Sarkanda craft, also known as mudda craft, is an ancient Indian handicraft using wild Asiatic grass. Initially developed to meet basic needs, it evolved into a thriving craft industry, especially in Farrukhnagar, Haryana, after the decline of the salt trade. Over time, artisans mastered weaving techniques, passing them through generations. Today, the craft continues as a sustainable, community-driven livelihood, blending tradition with modern demands.
Raw Materials and Tools
Sarkanda grass is the primary raw material, with additional materials like nylon threads, cotton cords, jute fibers, silk threads, and rubber. Essential tools include hasiya (sickle) for cutting, seengh (pointed metal tool) for tightening, and thappi (wooden bat) for compressing. These tools help artisans refine, weave, and structure the grass into sturdy and aesthetically pleasing products, ensuring durability and precision in each handcrafted item.
Process
The process begins with sourcing and cleaning sarkanda grass, which is then cut into tuliya (sticks), munj (ropes), and pulia (bindings). The sticks are interwoven diagonally using cotton or nylon yarn, with thicker ones inside for strength. The thappi is used to beat and align the structure. Tanav (base weaving) integrates colorful ropes, forming patterns. Some products feature a rubber base for added durability.
Design and Color
Sarkanda crafts incorporate geometric patterns like squares, diamonds, and zigzags, along with floral and natural motifs. Traditional symbols representing cultural beliefs add significance. Artisans use multicolored threads—cotton, nylon, and jute—woven intricately into the tanav, creating vibrant and visually appealing designs. Decorative borders and braiding enhance aesthetics, blending tradition with modern tastes to suit contemporary décor preferences.
Product Range
Originally limited to muddas and baskets, sarkanda craft now includes garden chairs, tables, and shelves. Lightweight yet durable furniture like sofas and lounge chairs are popular contemporary adaptations. Chatai (mats) and chik (blinds) remain household essentials. The craft continues to evolve, merging traditional weaving with modern utility, ensuring sustainability while offering a wide range of eco-friendly, handmade products for homes and commercial spaces.